{
    "name": "AI Policy Radar",
    "publisher": "Green Diplomat",
    "description": "Climate laws and carbon-pricing instruments classified by legal stage; every record cites the document it was checked against and the date of that check.",
    "url": "https://greendiplomat.com/ai-policy-radar/",
    "licence": "CC BY 4.0",
    "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "citation": "Green Diplomat (2026). AI Policy Radar: a verified tracker of climate laws by legal stage. https://greendiplomat.com/ai-policy-radar/ (accessed 6 October 2026).",
    "generated": "2026-10-06T03:42:43+00:00",
    "count": 1,
    "fields": {
        "record_id": "Stable identifier of the record (also the end of its web address).",
        "jurisdiction": "Country or sub-national jurisdiction that adopted the instrument.",
        "iso3": "ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code of the country.",
        "instrument_type": "Emissions trading system, carbon tax, framework law, target law, crediting mechanism, energy-transition law, disclosure / MRV rule.",
        "legal_stage": "In force · Enacted, not yet in force · In rulemaking · Proposed / announced · No binding instrument.",
        "stage_date": "Date the instrument reached its current stage (YYYY, YYYY-MM or YYYY-MM-DD, as precise as the source allows).",
        "legal_reference": "Act, decree or gazette reference.",
        "coverage": "Sectors, entities or share of emissions covered, as stated by the source.",
        "what_to_watch": "The next decision, deadline or review named by the source.",
        "source_name": "Publisher of the document the record was checked against.",
        "source_url": "Address of that document.",
        "source_type": "“official” (law, gazette, government or regulator) or “reference” (a recognised compilation such as ICAP).",
        "btr_status": "Indicative status for Biennial Transparency Reports: planned, adopted or implemented (see Standards).",
        "last_verified": "Date the record was last checked against its source.",
        "legal_journey": "Dated milestones (proposed, enacted, rulemaking, in force, later milestone), each with its own source. JSON and journeys.csv only."
    },
    "records": [
        {
            "record_id": "vn-ets",
            "jurisdiction": "Viet Nam",
            "iso3": "VNM",
            "country": "Viet Nam",
            "instrument_type": "Emissions trading system",
            "legal_stage": "In force",
            "stage_date": "2026-02-09",
            "legal_reference": "Law on Environmental Protection (2020); Decree 06/2022/ND-CP; Decree 119/2025/ND-CP; Decision 263/QD-TTg (9 Feb 2026); Decree 29/2026/ND-CP (19 Jan 2026)",
            "coverage": "110 facilities: 34 thermal power plants, 25 iron and steel facilities, 51 cement plants; about 40% of national emissions",
            "summary": "Viet Nam's national ETS is in a pilot phase covering 2025–2028, with free allocation to 110 thermal power, steel and cement facilities and compliance obligations applying from 2025. Allowance caps were approved by a Prime Minister's Decision in February 2026, and a domestic carbon exchange opened at the Hanoi Stock Exchange on 29 June 2026.",
            "what_to_watch": "The first surrender of allowances for 2025 emissions, trading activity on the exchange, and preparations for auctioning and wider coverage from 2029.",
            "source_name": "International Carbon Action Partnership (ICAP)",
            "source_url": "https://icapcarbonaction.com/en/ets/vietnam",
            "source_type": "reference",
            "btr_status": "implemented",
            "last_verified": "2026-10-04",
            "region": "Asia-Pacific",
            "topics": [
                "Carbon Markets",
                "Carbon Pricing"
            ],
            "url": "https://greendiplomat.com/ai-policy-radar/vn-ets/",
            "legal_journey": [
                {
                    "date": "2020-11-17",
                    "milestone": "enacted",
                    "event": "Law on Environmental Protection adopted, providing for a domestic carbon market",
                    "source_url": "https://cdn.climatepolicyradar.org/navigator/VNM/2022/decree-no-06-2022-nd-cp-on-mitigation-of-green-house-gas-ghg-emissions-and-protection-of-ozone-layer_a726c0566a339f6cad30c592ac9d5424.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "date": "2022-01-07",
                    "milestone": "rulemaking",
                    "event": "Decree 06/2022/ND-CP on GHG mitigation and carbon market development issued",
                    "source_url": "https://cdn.climatepolicyradar.org/navigator/VNM/2022/decree-no-06-2022-nd-cp-on-mitigation-of-green-house-gas-ghg-emissions-and-protection-of-ozone-layer_a726c0566a339f6cad30c592ac9d5424.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "date": "2025-06-09",
                    "milestone": "rulemaking",
                    "event": "Decree 119/2025/ND-CP sets ETS design; in force 1 August 2025",
                    "source_url": "https://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/vie212269.pdf"
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-01-19",
                    "milestone": "rulemaking",
                    "event": "Decree 29/2026/ND-CP sets rules for the domestic carbon exchange",
                    "source_url": "https://icapcarbonaction.com/en/news/vietnam-advances-its-emissions-trading-system-key-regulatory-developments-and-compliance"
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-02-09",
                    "milestone": "in-force",
                    "event": "Decision 263/QD-TTg approves 2025-2026 allowance caps for 110 facilities",
                    "source_url": "https://icapcarbonaction.com/en/news/vietnam-advances-its-emissions-trading-system-key-regulatory-developments-and-compliance"
                },
                {
                    "date": "2026-06-29",
                    "milestone": "milestone",
                    "event": "Domestic carbon exchange launched at the Hanoi Stock Exchange",
                    "source_url": "https://en.vietnamplus.vn/vietnams-domestic-carbon-exchange-launched-post347383.vnp"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}